From 78a48eb12f4d930d26dd79228d5ec9dbac32e83a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Natalie Brassinga Date: Tue, 10 Mar 2020 16:40:22 -0400 Subject: [PATCH] css showcase --- .DS_Store | Bin 14340 -> 18436 bytes css-showcase/.DS_Store | Bin 0 -> 10244 bytes css-showcase/404.html | 60 ++ css-showcase/LICENSE.txt | 19 + css-showcase/browserconfig.xml | 12 + css-showcase/css/main.css | 368 ++++++++++ css-showcase/css/normalize.css | 341 +++++++++ css-showcase/doc/TOC.md | 35 + css-showcase/doc/css.md | 164 +++++ css-showcase/doc/extend.md | 669 ++++++++++++++++++ css-showcase/doc/faq.md | 47 ++ css-showcase/doc/html.md | 250 +++++++ css-showcase/doc/js.md | 36 + css-showcase/doc/misc.md | 173 +++++ css-showcase/doc/usage.md | 130 ++++ css-showcase/favicon.ico | Bin 0 -> 766 bytes css-showcase/humans.txt | 15 + css-showcase/icon.png | Bin 0 -> 4029 bytes css-showcase/img/.gitignore | 0 css-showcase/index.html | 112 +++ css-showcase/js/main.js | 0 css-showcase/js/plugins.js | 24 + css-showcase/js/vendor/jquery-3.3.1.min.js | 2 + css-showcase/js/vendor/modernizr-3.6.0.min.js | 3 + css-showcase/robots.txt | 5 + css-showcase/site.webmanifest | 8 + css-showcase/tile-wide.png | Bin 0 -> 1854 bytes css-showcase/tile.png | Bin 0 -> 3482 bytes flexbox-layout/.DS_Store | Bin 6148 -> 6148 bytes flexbox-layout/2/index.css | 10 - landing-page/.DS_Store | Bin 10244 -> 10244 bytes 31 files changed, 2473 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-) create mode 100644 css-showcase/.DS_Store create mode 100755 css-showcase/404.html create mode 100755 css-showcase/LICENSE.txt create mode 100755 css-showcase/browserconfig.xml create mode 100755 css-showcase/css/main.css create mode 100755 css-showcase/css/normalize.css create mode 100755 css-showcase/doc/TOC.md create mode 100755 css-showcase/doc/css.md create mode 100755 css-showcase/doc/extend.md create mode 100755 css-showcase/doc/faq.md create mode 100755 css-showcase/doc/html.md create mode 100755 css-showcase/doc/js.md create mode 100755 css-showcase/doc/misc.md create mode 100755 css-showcase/doc/usage.md create mode 100755 css-showcase/favicon.ico create mode 100755 css-showcase/humans.txt create mode 100755 css-showcase/icon.png create mode 100755 css-showcase/img/.gitignore create mode 100755 css-showcase/index.html create mode 100755 css-showcase/js/main.js create mode 100755 css-showcase/js/plugins.js create mode 100755 css-showcase/js/vendor/jquery-3.3.1.min.js create mode 100755 css-showcase/js/vendor/modernizr-3.6.0.min.js create mode 100755 css-showcase/robots.txt create mode 100755 css-showcase/site.webmanifest create mode 100755 css-showcase/tile-wide.png create mode 100755 css-showcase/tile.png diff --git a/.DS_Store b/.DS_Store index 7a686896d7779767a8a60b0bd506e9d4fa8b7519..76e232c635aa7c345663b2ec9d8e347feebe8aa0 100644 GIT binary patch delta 1735 zcmd^=U1(Eh7{{M~avINR-r6@NX+E05QM0DCCu_2{79G^!x~fyxcCC1^;Y^dPEv8A= ztaVPAy>QI0ZOVfaMP^}B6p=a397DYjyzye}${`2?5r-Fp$zY#%dy}}q1}(ekZgvhY z&-*<8hXd#T{CM93lLw9=N<>&colO#@)K*uk9Hk)AYKcr06XJNZ&EKJ_ni7cew1?s} zN>h}!J^IH^PIPKDjitAgxqadWp8K*a9XYQe9^gWTV`JR@Qew;`|UcY>jCVR;36*Jb6mw2Jm<2M1ysYocuadX-UtIKRgdnrJ&gg)j){j()Y=Wp zey;m$w${<)Q<|U*mDC$oYmADtTjgoB&v9M!13lT*VVND>3I3t2iSL`y(ERNlzjpyO z>2G#=#S855g}9)N@HhU1=Jg4|;pWW{{91Ejix@7Azm-!?8+YoZXIYyi#PF{1LRPt3 ztt65nye*#|$>o**dZnprwFqyY$xW5Uiv?wSwYb(N_(Agk-wwq_Z_!tDm%gP(^q794 zU+Fjc9S*orhoz`T5Kke77PR6S^i(FY2`{Q?461p&jGbx{8D!NYN|?qBc4PL*6prEq zKEhedDfhp`HC*RU16>RJ{f~haOCo(6`WnQhzZ^IbJoG1hI~JEdUK&`-k3)+G-Yenw z{&~TeDE9Vdr{BmB-8(vVrNZL^z1e@=J2{pd$`mIiD_zvgSVtwYnpw(=DbbQta zuRXWw3IKc1ayfa}3fpn*tb+%wh}|N;hHb9c=lI{*BAZ-Qq*87bpa17&qwbXNom}5J d?B7^!Qzz`elen`SxhUSTw`%(>^{{bn}hCt4KsAh-*{SjFW~)Qbpih@c1}E+9xf2r3@bFNvTh1O7x5b9|U5c&C5;~B3qoyeL-Lj#sHx+mdY;NNSDJ==lfhYMu}iJ< z?A0nNE4;4CK#h7KC!5X1{T8hz=;uy#qNB>ZQB`4g7$PITXSa@k9Cfju_v8cL6s0X8R_zNZF^(xhowPp0A zxE&7(mMmb&5H-^x>ZA?SM+fORU7`WHOgHH+J)!6HmWJpfeWK6w1wb0ok%3G&;l>zv zP>cZTFcI~bhMAa+Ihc$2Sd1{1Vi{sshi>#>J+@#Qc3>y^M&SUC;uwzOG_K$(uHiav z;~wtg0UqKRUg5o35G=%yTI(I5a@++hXt3b$=_P*=bm;oi%p{v*xYJcsT3%UO7gFD> zZ7HHqeYfYT)wYofgvTh+<$xyfI5#hUgyAuKnkG{c55jL$=1uSK6C1D*o3NQ>x3g>?c3}?=q2It^9AV*;IE6Dfi}M)3<)6~G z)co8c)$MhdZht>Oyw3~FXMuMqs%h-SJX>;G_yyO--%l4Gpbr)`tf5t}O)eo)E7EtX cdT-nRE&lIYJbQ>W(`Y5Fp%|Y%AOEX<0N5KM)Bpeg diff --git a/css-showcase/.DS_Store b/css-showcase/.DS_Store new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fb43a8f7f033978dd4e513203b4148b69c0404f1 GIT binary patch literal 10244 zcmeHM&2Jnv6n{82G#ASKF1ZK9;z&g?jwX(#q} zW|EMGpyeOniYVL=A9utbfZ)P~E8IBrALym$_W5IzbhmJzA4)4*vVU)EKilu;H}=>A z0Hm@RjRSZ9Kru>m`!RV!kmWLVg&vbrKqROSSu;#Th);in&92%u!!lqQunbrRECZH- zqrd>}*)mYMf7@UgunbrR4l^Lv2M?n}-(X9lS~@UMM*ze=%vJ$qR|<%pLEm6YBbHzw zS`|^N5_7~LS{?H}Q_nZp(x}yen8OD#Jri?6A*y$5-&56r_!@0$8L$j=Ga&c=UZ_I` zS-5@p{GP;FUMl@XdV2d_d;JYcX@L$Du2t8?b~O+3&8!lnE9xnZSZL%$A(DML2(QF! 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Page Not Found

+

Sorry, but the page you were trying to view does not exist.

+ + + diff --git a/css-showcase/LICENSE.txt b/css-showcase/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100755 index 0000000..294e91d --- /dev/null +++ b/css-showcase/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +Copyright (c) HTML5 Boilerplate + +Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of +this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in +the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to +use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies +of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do +so, subject to the following conditions: + +The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all +copies or substantial portions of the Software. + +THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR +IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, +FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE +AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER +LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, +OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE +SOFTWARE. diff --git a/css-showcase/browserconfig.xml b/css-showcase/browserconfig.xml new file mode 100755 index 0000000..219b759 --- /dev/null +++ b/css-showcase/browserconfig.xml @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/css-showcase/css/main.css b/css-showcase/css/main.css new file mode 100755 index 0000000..f8aeec3 --- /dev/null +++ b/css-showcase/css/main.css @@ -0,0 +1,368 @@ +/*! HTML5 Boilerplate v6.1.0 | MIT License | https://html5boilerplate.com/ */ + +/* + * What follows is the result of much research on cross-browser styling. + * Credit left inline and big thanks to Nicolas Gallagher, Jonathan Neal, + * Kroc Camen, and the H5BP dev community and team. + */ + +/* ========================================================================== + Base styles: opinionated defaults + ========================================================================== */ + +html { + color: #222; + font-size: 1em; + line-height: 1.4; +} + + + +/* + * Remove text-shadow in selection highlight: + * https://twitter.com/miketaylr/status/12228805301 + * + * Vendor-prefixed and regular ::selection selectors cannot be combined: + * https://stackoverflow.com/a/16982510/7133471 + * + * Customize the background color to match your design. + */ + +::-moz-selection { + background: #b3d4fc; + text-shadow: none; +} + +::selection { + background: #b3d4fc; + text-shadow: none; +} + +/* + * A better looking default horizontal rule + */ + +hr { + display: block; + height: 1px; + border: 0; + border-top: 1px solid #ccc; + margin: 1em 0; + padding: 0; +} + +/* + * Remove the gap between audio, canvas, iframes, + * images, videos and the bottom of their containers: + * https://github.com/h5bp/html5-boilerplate/issues/440 + */ + +audio, +canvas, +iframe, +img, +svg, +video { + vertical-align: middle; +} + +/* + * Remove default fieldset styles. + */ + +fieldset { + border: 0; + margin: 0; + padding: 0; +} + +/* + * Allow only vertical resizing of textareas. + */ + +textarea { + resize: vertical; +} + +/* ========================================================================== + Browser Upgrade Prompt + ========================================================================== */ + +.browserupgrade { + margin: 0.2em 0; + background: #ccc; + color: #000; + padding: 0.2em 0; +} + +/* ========================================================================== + Author's custom styles + ========================================================================== */ + +@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) { + .day.dark-scheme { background: white; color: black; } + .night.dark-scheme { background: #121212; color: #FFFFFF; } +} +body{ + background-color:#121212; + color:#FFFFFF; +} + +.container{ + padding:50px; +} + +.icons { + color: #FFFFFF; + display: flex; + justify-content: center; + + +} +.icons i{ + padding:20px; + font-size: 25px; +} + +.running-head{ + background-image: url(https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2017/08/30/01/05/milky-way-2695569_1280.jpg); + display:flex; + justify-content: center; + background-repeat: round; + height:500px; + +} +.running-head h1{ + display:flex; + align-items:center; + justify-content: space-around; + font-size: 50px; + padding:20px; + +} + +h1, h2, h3{ + opacity: .87; +} +p{ + opacity: .6; +} + +li{ + list-style: none; + +} + +li a{ + display: flex; + text-decoration: none; + line-height: 50px; + color:#BB86FC; +} +footer p{ + justify-content: center; +} + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +/* ========================================================================== + Helper classes + ========================================================================== */ + +/* + * Hide visually and from screen readers + */ + +.hidden { + display: none !important; +} + +/* + * Hide only visually, but have it available for screen readers: + * https://snook.ca/archives/html_and_css/hiding-content-for-accessibility + * + * 1. For long content, line feeds are not interpreted as spaces and small width + * causes content to wrap 1 word per line: + * https://medium.com/@jessebeach/beware-smushed-off-screen-accessible-text-5952a4c2cbfe + */ + +.visuallyhidden { + border: 0; + clip: rect(0 0 0 0); + height: 1px; + margin: -1px; + overflow: hidden; + padding: 0; + position: absolute; + width: 1px; + white-space: nowrap; /* 1 */ +} + +/* + * Extends the .visuallyhidden class to allow the element + * to be focusable when navigated to via the keyboard: + * https://www.drupal.org/node/897638 + */ + +.visuallyhidden.focusable:active, +.visuallyhidden.focusable:focus { + clip: auto; + height: auto; + margin: 0; + overflow: visible; + position: static; + width: auto; + white-space: inherit; +} + +/* + * Hide visually and from screen readers, but maintain layout + */ + +.invisible { + visibility: hidden; +} + +/* + * Clearfix: contain floats + * + * For modern browsers + * 1. The space content is one way to avoid an Opera bug when the + * `contenteditable` attribute is included anywhere else in the document. + * Otherwise it causes space to appear at the top and bottom of elements + * that receive the `clearfix` class. + * 2. The use of `table` rather than `block` is only necessary if using + * `:before` to contain the top-margins of child elements. + */ + +.clearfix:before, +.clearfix:after { + content: " "; /* 1 */ + display: table; /* 2 */ +} + +.clearfix:after { + clear: both; +} + +/* ========================================================================== + EXAMPLE Media Queries for Responsive Design. + These examples override the primary ('mobile first') styles. + Modify as content requires. + ========================================================================== */ + +@media only screen and (min-width: 35em) { + /* Style adjustments for viewports that meet the condition */ +} + +@media print, + (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), + (min-resolution: 1.25dppx), + (min-resolution: 120dpi) { + /* Style adjustments for high resolution devices */ +} + +/* ========================================================================== + Print styles. + Inlined to avoid the additional HTTP request: + https://www.phpied.com/delay-loading-your-print-css/ + ========================================================================== */ + +@media print { + *, + *:before, + *:after { + background: transparent !important; + color: #000 !important; /* Black prints faster */ + -webkit-box-shadow: none !important; + box-shadow: none !important; + text-shadow: none !important; + } + + a, + a:visited { + text-decoration: underline; + } + + a[href]:after { + content: " (" attr(href) ")"; + } + + abbr[title]:after { + content: " (" attr(title) ")"; + } + + /* + * Don't show links that are fragment identifiers, + * or use the `javascript:` pseudo protocol + */ + + a[href^="#"]:after, + a[href^="javascript:"]:after { + content: ""; + } + + pre { + white-space: pre-wrap !important; + } + pre, + blockquote { + border: 1px solid #999; + page-break-inside: avoid; + } + + /* + * Printing Tables: + * http://css-discuss.incutio.com/wiki/Printing_Tables + */ + + thead { + display: table-header-group; + } + + tr, + img { + page-break-inside: avoid; + } + + p, + h2, + h3 { + orphans: 3; + widows: 3; + } + + h2, + h3 { + page-break-after: avoid; + } +} diff --git a/css-showcase/css/normalize.css b/css-showcase/css/normalize.css new file mode 100755 index 0000000..47b010e --- /dev/null +++ b/css-showcase/css/normalize.css @@ -0,0 +1,341 @@ +/*! normalize.css v8.0.0 | MIT License | github.com/necolas/normalize.css */ + +/* Document + ========================================================================== */ + +/** + * 1. Correct the line height in all browsers. + * 2. Prevent adjustments of font size after orientation changes in iOS. + */ + +html { + line-height: 1.15; /* 1 */ + -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; /* 2 */ +} + +/* Sections + ========================================================================== */ + +/** + * Remove the margin in all browsers. + */ + +body { + margin: 0; +} + +/** + * Correct the font size and margin on `h1` elements within `section` and + * `article` contexts in Chrome, Firefox, and Safari. + */ + +h1 { + font-size: 2em; + margin: 0.67em 0; +} + +/* Grouping content + ========================================================================== */ + +/** + * 1. Add the correct box sizing in Firefox. + * 2. Show the overflow in Edge and IE. + */ + +hr { + box-sizing: content-box; /* 1 */ + height: 0; /* 1 */ + overflow: visible; /* 2 */ +} + +/** + * 1. Correct the inheritance and scaling of font size in all browsers. + * 2. Correct the odd `em` font sizing in all browsers. + */ + +pre { + font-family: monospace, monospace; /* 1 */ + font-size: 1em; /* 2 */ +} + +/* Text-level semantics + ========================================================================== */ + +/** + * Remove the gray background on active links in IE 10. + */ + +a { + background-color: transparent; +} + +/** + * 1. Remove the bottom border in Chrome 57- + * 2. Add the correct text decoration in Chrome, Edge, IE, Opera, and Safari. + */ + +abbr[title] { + border-bottom: none; /* 1 */ + text-decoration: underline; /* 2 */ + text-decoration: underline dotted; /* 2 */ +} + +/** + * Add the correct font weight in Chrome, Edge, and Safari. + */ + +b, +strong { + font-weight: bolder; +} + +/** + * 1. Correct the inheritance and scaling of font size in all browsers. + * 2. Correct the odd `em` font sizing in all browsers. + */ + +code, +kbd, +samp { + font-family: monospace, monospace; /* 1 */ + font-size: 1em; /* 2 */ +} + +/** + * Add the correct font size in all browsers. + */ + +small { + font-size: 80%; +} + +/** + * Prevent `sub` and `sup` elements from affecting the line height in + * all browsers. + */ + +sub, +sup { + font-size: 75%; + line-height: 0; + position: relative; + vertical-align: baseline; +} + +sub { + bottom: -0.25em; +} + +sup { + top: -0.5em; +} + +/* Embedded content + ========================================================================== */ + +/** + * Remove the border on images inside links in IE 10. + */ + +img { + border-style: none; +} + +/* Forms + ========================================================================== */ + +/** + * 1. Change the font styles in all browsers. + * 2. Remove the margin in Firefox and Safari. + */ + +button, +input, +optgroup, +select, +textarea { + font-family: inherit; /* 1 */ + font-size: 100%; /* 1 */ + line-height: 1.15; /* 1 */ + margin: 0; /* 2 */ +} + +/** + * Show the overflow in IE. + * 1. Show the overflow in Edge. + */ + +button, +input { /* 1 */ + overflow: visible; +} + +/** + * Remove the inheritance of text transform in Edge, Firefox, and IE. + * 1. Remove the inheritance of text transform in Firefox. + */ + +button, +select { /* 1 */ + text-transform: none; +} + +/** + * Correct the inability to style clickable types in iOS and Safari. + */ + +button, +[type="button"], +[type="reset"], +[type="submit"] { + -webkit-appearance: button; +} + +/** + * Remove the inner border and padding in Firefox. + */ + +button::-moz-focus-inner, +[type="button"]::-moz-focus-inner, +[type="reset"]::-moz-focus-inner, +[type="submit"]::-moz-focus-inner { + border-style: none; + padding: 0; +} + +/** + * Restore the focus styles unset by the previous rule. + */ + +button:-moz-focusring, +[type="button"]:-moz-focusring, +[type="reset"]:-moz-focusring, +[type="submit"]:-moz-focusring { + outline: 1px dotted ButtonText; +} + +/** + * Correct the padding in Firefox. + */ + +fieldset { + padding: 0.35em 0.75em 0.625em; +} + +/** + * 1. Correct the text wrapping in Edge and IE. + * 2. Correct the color inheritance from `fieldset` elements in IE. + * 3. Remove the padding so developers are not caught out when they zero out + * `fieldset` elements in all browsers. + */ + +legend { + box-sizing: border-box; /* 1 */ + color: inherit; /* 2 */ + display: table; /* 1 */ + max-width: 100%; /* 1 */ + padding: 0; /* 3 */ + white-space: normal; /* 1 */ +} + +/** + * Add the correct vertical alignment in Chrome, Firefox, and Opera. + */ + +progress { + vertical-align: baseline; +} + +/** + * Remove the default vertical scrollbar in IE 10+. + */ + +textarea { + overflow: auto; +} + +/** + * 1. Add the correct box sizing in IE 10. + * 2. Remove the padding in IE 10. + */ + +[type="checkbox"], +[type="radio"] { + box-sizing: border-box; /* 1 */ + padding: 0; /* 2 */ +} + +/** + * Correct the cursor style of increment and decrement buttons in Chrome. + */ + +[type="number"]::-webkit-inner-spin-button, +[type="number"]::-webkit-outer-spin-button { + height: auto; +} + +/** + * 1. Correct the odd appearance in Chrome and Safari. + * 2. Correct the outline style in Safari. + */ + +[type="search"] { + -webkit-appearance: textfield; /* 1 */ + outline-offset: -2px; /* 2 */ +} + +/** + * Remove the inner padding in Chrome and Safari on macOS. + */ + +[type="search"]::-webkit-search-decoration { + -webkit-appearance: none; +} + +/** + * 1. Correct the inability to style clickable types in iOS and Safari. + * 2. Change font properties to `inherit` in Safari. + */ + +::-webkit-file-upload-button { + -webkit-appearance: button; /* 1 */ + font: inherit; /* 2 */ +} + +/* Interactive + ========================================================================== */ + +/* + * Add the correct display in Edge, IE 10+, and Firefox. + */ + +details { + display: block; +} + +/* + * Add the correct display in all browsers. + */ + +summary { + display: list-item; +} + +/* Misc + ========================================================================== */ + +/** + * Add the correct display in IE 10+. + */ + +template { + display: none; +} + +/** + * Add the correct display in IE 10. + */ + +[hidden] { + display: none; +} diff --git a/css-showcase/doc/TOC.md b/css-showcase/doc/TOC.md new file mode 100755 index 0000000..8e0e950 --- /dev/null +++ b/css-showcase/doc/TOC.md @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +[HTML5 Boilerplate homepage](https://html5boilerplate.com/) + +## Getting started + +* [Usage](usage.md) — Overview of the project contents. +* [FAQ](faq.md) — Frequently asked questions along with their answers. + +## HTML5 Boilerplate core + +* [HTML](html.md) — Guide to the default HTML. +* [CSS](css.md) — Guide to the default CSS. +* [JavaScript](js.md) — Guide to the default JavaScript. +* [Everything else](misc.md). + +## Development + +* [Extending and customizing HTML5 Boilerplate](extend.md) — Going further + with the boilerplate. + +## Related projects + +The [H5BP organization](https://github.com/h5bp) maintains several projects +that complement HTML5 Boilerplate, projects that can help you improve different +aspects of your website/web app (e.g.: the performance, security, etc.). + +* [Server Configs](https://github.com/h5bp/server-configs) — Fast and + smart configurations for web servers such as Apache and Nginx. + * [Apache](https://github.com/h5bp/server-configs-apache) + * [Google App Engine (GAE)](https://github.com/h5bp/server-configs-gae) + * [Internet Information Services (IIS)](https://github.com/h5bp/server-configs-iis) + * [lighttpd](https://github.com/h5bp/server-configs-lighttpd) + * [Nginx](https://github.com/h5bp/server-configs-nginx) + * [Node.js](https://github.com/h5bp/server-configs-node) +* [Ant Build Script](https://github.com/h5bp/ant-build-script) — Apache + Ant based build script. diff --git a/css-showcase/doc/css.md b/css-showcase/doc/css.md new file mode 100755 index 0000000..031a2aa --- /dev/null +++ b/css-showcase/doc/css.md @@ -0,0 +1,164 @@ +[HTML5 Boilerplate homepage](https://html5boilerplate.com/) | [Documentation +table of contents](TOC.md) + +# The CSS + +HTML5 Boilerplate's CSS includes: + +* [Normalize.css](#normalizecss) +* [Useful defaults](#useful-defaults) +* [Common helpers](#common-helpers) +* [Placeholder media queries](#media-queries) +* [Print styles](#print-styles) + +This starting CSS does not rely on the presence of +[conditional class names](https://www.paulirish.com/2008/conditional-stylesheets-vs-css-hacks-answer-neither/), +[conditional style sheets](https://css-tricks.com/how-to-create-an-ie-only-stylesheet/), +or [Modernizr](https://modernizr.com/), and it is ready to use no matter what +your development preferences happen to be. + + +## Normalize.css + +In order to make browsers render all elements more consistently and in line +with modern standards, we include +[Normalize.css](https://necolas.github.io/normalize.css/) — a modern, HTML5-ready +alternative to CSS resets. + +As opposed to CSS resets, Normalize.css: + +* targets only the styles that need normalizing +* preserves useful browser defaults rather than erasing them +* corrects bugs and common browser inconsistencies +* improves usability with subtle improvements +* doesn't clutter the debugging tools +* has better documentation + +For more information about Normalize.css, please refer to its [project +page](https://necolas.github.com/normalize.css/), as well as this +[blog post](http://nicolasgallagher.com/about-normalize-css/). + + +## Useful defaults + +Several base styles are included that build upon `Normalize.css`. These +styles: + +* provide basic typography settings that improve text readability +* protect against unwanted `text-shadow` during text highlighting +* tweak the default alignment of some elements (e.g.: `img`, `video`, + `fieldset`, `textarea`) +* style the prompt that is displayed to users using an outdated browser + +You are free and even encouraged to modify or add to these base styles as your +project requires. + + +## Common helpers + +Along with the base styles, we also provide some commonly used helper classes. + +#### `.hidden` + +The `hidden` class can be added to any element that you want to hide visually +and from screen readers. It could be an element that will be populated and +displayed later, or an element you will hide with JavaScript. + +#### `.visuallyhidden` + +The `visuallyhidden` class can be added to any element that you want to hide +visually, while still have its content accessible to screen readers. + +See also: + +* [CSS in Action: Invisible Content Just for Screen Reader + Users](https://webaim.org/techniques/css/invisiblecontent/) +* [Hiding content for + accessibility](https://snook.ca/archives/html_and_css/hiding-content-for-accessibility) +* [HTML5 Boilerplate - Issue #194](https://github.com/h5bp/html5-boilerplate/issues/194). + +__N.B.__ [The visuallyhidden class can be an accessibility issue for users using high contrast modes.](https://www.paciellogroup.com/blog/2012/08/notes-on-accessible-css-image-sprites/) + +>Use JavaScript to detect when images are disabled and remove the CSS visually hidden display state of the text alternative. +Use JavaScript to detect when Windows high contrast mode is enabled and remove the CSS visually hidden display state of the text alternative. + +#### `.invisible` + +The `invisible` class can be added to any element that you want to hide +visually and from screen readers, but without affecting the layout. + +As opposed to the `hidden` class that effectively removes the element from the +layout, the `invisible` class will simply make the element invisible while +keeping it in the flow and not affecting the positioning of the surrounding +content. + +__N.B.__ Try to stay away from, and don't use the classes specified above for +[keyword stuffing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyword_stuffing) as you will +harm your site's ranking! + +#### `.clearfix` + +The `clearfix` class can be added to any element to ensure that it always fully +contains its floated children. + +Over the years there have been many variants of the clearfix hack, but currently, +we use the [micro clearfix](http://nicolasgallagher.com/micro-clearfix-hack/). + + +## Media Queries + +HTML5 Boilerplate makes it easy for you to get started with a +[_mobile first_](https://www.lukew.com/presos/preso.asp?26) and [_responsive web +design_](https://alistapart.com/article/responsive-web-design) approach to +development. But it's worth remembering that there are [no silver +bullets](https://cloudfour.com/thinks/css-media-query-for-mobile-is-fools-gold/). + +We include placeholder media queries to help you build up your mobile styles for +wider viewports and high-resolution displays. It's recommended that you adapt +these media queries based on the content of your site rather than mirroring the +fixed dimensions of specific devices. + +If you do not want to take the _mobile first_ approach, you can simply edit or +remove these placeholder media queries. One possibility would be to work from +wide viewports down, and use `max-width` media queries instead (e.g.: +`@media only screen and (max-width: 480px)`). + + +## Print styles + +Lastly, we provide some useful print styles that will optimize the printing +process, as well as make the printed pages easier to read. + +At printing time, these styles will: + +* strip all background colors, change the font color to black, and remove the + `text-shadow` — done in order to [help save printer ink and speed up the + printing process](http://www.sanbeiji.com/archives/953) +* underline and expand links to include the URL — done in order to allow users + to know where to refer to
+ (exceptions to this are: the links that are + [fragment identifiers](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/a#attr-href), + or use the + [`javascript:` pseudo protocol](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/void#JavaScript_URIs)) +* expand abbreviations to include the full description — done in order to allow + users to know what the abbreviations stands for +* provide instructions on how browsers should break the content into pages and + on [orphans/widows](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Widows_and_orphans), namely, + we instruct + [supporting browsers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_layout_engines_%28Cascading_Style_Sheets%29#Grammar_and_rules) + that they should: + + * ensure the table header (``) is [printed on each page spanned by the + table](http://css-discuss.incutio.com/wiki/Printing_Tables) + * prevent block quotations, preformatted text, images and table rows from + being split onto two different pages + * ensure that headings never appear on a different page than the text they + are associated with + * ensure that + [orphans and widows](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Widows_and_orphans) do + [not appear on printed pages](https://css-tricks.com/almanac/properties/o/orphans/) + +The print styles are included along with the other `css` to [avoid the +additional HTTP request](http://www.phpied.com/delay-loading-your-print-css/). +Also, they should always be included last, so that the other styles can be +overwritten. diff --git a/css-showcase/doc/extend.md b/css-showcase/doc/extend.md new file mode 100755 index 0000000..6c22036 --- /dev/null +++ b/css-showcase/doc/extend.md @@ -0,0 +1,669 @@ +[HTML5 Boilerplate homepage](https://html5boilerplate.com) | [Documentation +table of contents](TOC.md) + +# Extend and customise HTML5 Boilerplate + +Here is some useful advice for how you can make your project with HTML5 +Boilerplate even better. We don't want to include it all by default, as +not everything fits with everyone's needs. + + +* [App Stores](#app-stores) +* [DNS prefetching](#dns-prefetching) +* [Google Universal Analytics](#google-universal-analytics) +* [Internet Explorer](#internet-explorer) +* [Miscellaneous](#miscellaneous) +* [News Feeds](#news-feeds) +* [Search](#search) +* [Social Networks](#social-networks) +* [URLs](#urls) +* [Web Apps](#web-apps) + + +## App Stores + +### Smart App Banners in iOS 6+ Safari + +Stop bothering everyone with gross modals advertising your entry in the +App Store. Including the following [meta tag](https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/AppleApplications/Reference/SafariWebContent/PromotingAppswithAppBanners/PromotingAppswithAppBanners.html) will unobtrusively give the user the option to download your iOS app,or open it with some data about the user's current state on the website. + +```html + +``` + +## DNS prefetching + +In short, DNS Prefetching is a method of informing the browser of domain names +referenced on a site so that the client can resolve the DNS for those hosts, +cache them, and when it comes time to use them, have a faster turn around on +the request. + +### Implicit prefetches + +There is a lot of prefetching done for you automatically by the browser. When +the browser encounters an anchor in your html that does not share the same +domain name as the current location the browser requests, from the client OS, +the IP address for this new domain. The client first checks its cache and +then, lacking a cached copy, makes a request from a DNS server. These requests +happen in the background and are not meant to block the rendering of the +page. + +The goal of this is that when the foreign IP address is finally needed it will +already be in the client cache and will not block the loading of the foreign +content. Fewer requests result in faster page load times. The perception of this +is increased on a mobile platform where DNS latency can be greater. + +#### Disable implicit prefetching + +```html + +``` + +Even with X-DNS-Prefetch-Control meta tag (or http header) browsers will still +prefetch any explicit dns-prefetch links. + +**_WARNING:_** THIS MAY MAKE YOUR SITE SLOWER IF YOU RELY ON RESOURCES FROM +FOREIGN DOMAINS. + +### Explicit prefetches + +Typically the browser only scans the HTML for foreign domains. If you have +resources that are outside of your HTML (a javascript request to a remote +server or a CDN that hosts content that may not be present on every page of +your site, for example) then you can queue up a domain name to be prefetched. + +```html + + +``` + +You can use as many of these as you need, but it's best if they are all +immediately after the [Meta +Charset](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/meta#attr-charset) +element (which should go right at the top of the `head`), so the browser can +act on them ASAP. + +#### Common Prefetch Links + +Amazon S3: + +```html + +``` + +Google APIs: + +```html + +``` + +Microsoft Ajax Content Delivery Network: + +```html + + +``` + +### Further reading about DNS prefetching + +* https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Controlling_DNS_prefetching +* https://dev.chromium.org/developers/design-documents/dns-prefetching +* https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/ie/2011/03/17/internet-explorer-9-network-performance-improvements/ +* http://dayofjs.com/videos/22158462/web-browsers_alex-russel + + +## Google Universal Analytics + +### More tracking settings + +The [optimized Google Universal Analytics +snippet](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/async-analytics-snippet#universal-analytics) +included with HTML5 Boilerplate includes something like this: + +```js +ga('create', 'UA-XXXXX-X', 'auto'); ga('send', 'pageview'); +``` + +To customize further, see Google's [Advanced +Setup](https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/advanced), +[Pageview](https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/pages), +and [Event](https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/events) Docs. + +### Anonymize IP addresses + +In some countries, no personal data may be transferred outside jurisdictions +that do not have similarly strict laws (i.e. from Germany to outside the EU). +Thus a webmaster using the Google Universal Analytics may have to ensure that +no personal (trackable) data is transferred to the US. You can do that with +[the `ga('set', 'anonymizeIp', true);` +parameter](https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/advanced#anonymizeip) +before sending any events/pageviews. In use it looks like this: + +```js +ga('create', 'UA-XXXXX-X', 'auto'); +ga('set', 'anonymizeIp', true); +ga('send', 'pageview'); +``` + +### Track jQuery AJAX requests in Google Analytics + +An article by @JangoSteve explains how to [track jQuery AJAX requests in Google +Analytics](https://www.alfajango.com/blog/track-jquery-ajax-requests-in-google-analytics/). + +Add this to `plugins.js`: + +```js +/* + * Log all jQuery AJAX requests to Google Analytics + * See: https://www.alfajango.com/blog/track-jquery-ajax-requests-in-google-analytics/ + */ +if (typeof ga !== "undefined" && ga !== null) { + $(document).ajaxSend(function(event, xhr, settings){ + ga('send', 'pageview', settings.url); + }); +} +``` + +### Track JavaScript errors in Google Analytics + +Add this function after `ga` is defined: + +```js +(function(window){ + var undefined, + link = function (href) { + var a = window.document.createElement('a'); + a.href = href; + return a; + }; + window.onerror = function (message, file, line, column) { + var host = link(file).hostname; + ga('send', { + 'hitType': 'event', + 'eventCategory': (host == window.location.hostname || host == undefined || host == '' ? '' : 'external ') + 'error', + 'eventAction': message, + 'eventLabel': (file + ' LINE: ' + line + (column ? ' COLUMN: ' + column : '')).trim(), + 'nonInteraction': 1 + }); + }; +}(window)); +``` + +### Track page scroll + +Add this function after `ga` is defined: + +```js +$(function(){ + var isDuplicateScrollEvent, + scrollTimeStart = new Date, + $window = $(window), + $document = $(document), + scrollPercent; + + $window.scroll(function() { + scrollPercent = Math.round(100 * ($window.height() + $window.scrollTop())/$document.height()); + if (scrollPercent > 90 && !isDuplicateScrollEvent) { //page scrolled to 90% + isDuplicateScrollEvent = 1; + ga('send', 'event', 'scroll', + 'Window: ' + $window.height() + 'px; Document: ' + $document.height() + 'px; Time: ' + Math.round((new Date - scrollTimeStart )/1000,1) + 's' + ); + } + }); +}); +``` + +## Internet Explorer + +### IE Pinned Sites (IE9+) + +Enabling your application for pinning will allow IE9 users to add it to their +Windows Taskbar and Start Menu. This comes with a range of new tools that you +can easily configure with the elements below. See more [documentation on IE9 +Pinned Sites](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/gg131029.aspx). + +### Name the Pinned Site for Windows + +Without this rule, Windows will use the page title as the name for your +application. + +```html + +``` + +### Give your Pinned Site a tooltip + +You know — a tooltip. A little textbox that appears when the user holds their +mouse over your Pinned Site's icon. + +```html + +``` + +### Set a default page for your Pinned Site + +If the site should go to a specific URL when it is pinned (such as the +homepage), enter it here. One idea is to send it to a special URL so you can +track the number of pinned users, like so: +`https://www.example.com/index.html?pinned=true` + +```html + +``` + +### Recolor IE's controls manually for a Pinned Site + +IE9+ will automatically use the overall color of your Pinned Site's favicon to +shade its browser buttons. UNLESS you give it another color here. Only use +named colors (`red`) or hex colors (`#ff0000`). + +```html + +``` + +### Manually set the window size of a Pinned Site + +If the site should open at a certain window size once pinned, you can specify +the dimensions here. It only supports static pixel dimensions. 800x600 +minimum. + +```html + +``` + +### Jump List "Tasks" for Pinned Sites + +Add Jump List Tasks that will appear when the Pinned Site's icon gets a +right-click. Each Task goes to the specified URL, and gets its own mini icon +(essentially a favicon, a 16x16 .ICO). You can add as many of these as you +need. + +```html + + +``` + +### (Windows 8) High quality visuals for Pinned Sites + +Windows 8 adds the ability for you to provide a PNG tile image and specify the +tile's background color. [Full details on the IE +blog](https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/ie/2012/06/08/high-quality-visuals-for-pinned-sites-in-windows-8/). + +* Create a 144x144 image of your site icon, filling all of the canvas, and + using a transparent background. +* Save this image as a 32-bit PNG and optimize it without reducing + colour-depth. It can be named whatever you want (e.g. `metro-tile.png`). +* To reference the tile and its color, add the HTML `meta` elements described + in the IE Blog post. + +### (Windows 8) Badges for Pinned Sites + +IE10 will poll an XML document for badge information to display on your app's +tile in the Start screen. The user will be able to receive these badge updates +even when your app isn't actively running. The badge's value can be a number, +or one of a predefined list of glyphs. + +* [Tutorial on IEBlog with link to badge XML schema](https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/ie/2012/04/03/pinned-sites-in-windows-8/) +* [Available badge values](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ie/br212849.aspx) + +```html + +``` + +### Disable link highlighting upon tap in IE10 + +Similar to [-webkit-tap-highlight-color](https://davidwalsh.name/mobile-highlight-color) +in iOS Safari. Unlike that CSS property, this is an HTML meta element, and its +value is boolean rather than a color. It's all or nothing. + +```html + +``` + +You can read about this useful element and more techniques in +[Microsoft's documentation on adapting WebKit-oriented apps for IE10](https://blogs.windows.com/buildingapps/2012/11/15/adapting-your-webkit-optimized-site-for-internet-explorer-10/) + +## Search + +### Direct search spiders to your sitemap + +After creating a [sitemap](https://www.sitemaps.org/protocol.html) + +Submit it to search engine tool: +* [Google](https://www.google.com/webmasters/tools/sitemap-list) +* [Bing](https://www.bing.com/toolbox/webmaster) +* [Yandex](https://webmaster.yandex.com/) +* [Baidu](https://zhanzhang.baidu.com/) +OR +Insert the following line anywhere in your robots.txt file, specifying the path to your sitemap: +``` +Sitemap: https://example.com/sitemap_location.xml +``` + +### Hide pages from search engines + +According to Heather Champ, former community manager at Flickr, you should not +allow search engines to index your "Contact Us" or "Complaints" page if you +value your sanity. This is an HTML-centric way of achieving that. + +```html + +``` + +**_WARNING:_** DO NOT INCLUDE ON PAGES THAT SHOULD APPEAR IN SEARCH ENGINES. + +### Firefox and IE Search Plugins + +Sites with in-site search functionality should be strongly considered for a +browser search plugin. A "search plugin" is an XML file which defines how your +plugin behaves in the browser. [How to make a browser search +plugin](https://www.google.com/search?ie=UTF-8&q=how+to+make+browser+search+plugin). + +```html + +``` + + +## Miscellaneous + +* Use [polyfills](https://github.com/Modernizr/Modernizr/wiki/HTML5-Cross-browser-Polyfills). + +* Use [Microformats](http://microformats.org/wiki/Main_Page) (via + [microdata](http://microformats.org/wiki/microdata)) for optimum search + results + [visibility](https://webmasters.googleblog.com/2009/05/introducing-rich-snippets.html). + +* If you're building a web app you may want [native style momentum scrolling in + iOS 5+](http://www.johanbrook.com/articles/native-style-momentum-scrolling-to-arrive-in-ios-5/) + using `-webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch`. + +* If you want to disable the translation prompt in Chrome or block Google + Translate from translating your web page, use [``](https://support.google.com/translate/?hl=en#2641276). + To disable translation for a particular section of the web page, add + [`class="notranslate"`](https://support.google.com/translate/?hl=en#2641276). + +* If you want to disable the automatic detection and formatting of possible + phone numbers in Safari on iOS, use [``](https://developer.apple.com/library/safari/documentation/AppleApplications/Reference/SafariHTMLRef/Articles/MetaTags.html/#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40008193-SW5). + +* Avoid development/stage websites "leaking" into SERPs (search engine results + page) by [implementing X-Robots-tag + headers](https://github.com/h5bp/html5-boilerplate/issues/804). + + +## News Feeds + +### RSS + +Have an RSS feed? Link to it here. Want to [learn how to write an RSS feed from +scratch](http://www.rssboard.org/rss-specification)? + +```html + +``` + +### Atom + +Atom is similar to RSS, and you might prefer to use it instead of or in +addition to it. [See what Atom's all +about](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom_(Web_standard)). + +```html + +``` + +### Pingbacks + +Your server may be notified when another site links to yours. The href +attribute should contain the location of your pingback service. + +```html + +``` + +* High-level explanation: https://codex.wordpress.org/Introduction_to_Blogging#Pingbacks +* Step-by-step example case: http://www.hixie.ch/specs/pingback/pingback-1.0#TOC5 +* PHP pingback service: https://web.archive.org/web/20131211032834/http://blog.perplexedlabs.com/2009/07/15/xmlrpc-pingbacks-using-php/ + + + +## Social Networks + +### Facebook Open Graph data + +You can control the information that Facebook and others display when users +share your site. Below are just the most basic data points you might need. For +specific content types (including "website"), see [Facebook's built-in Open +Graph content +templates](https://developers.facebook.com/docs/opengraph/objects/builtin/). +Take full advantage of Facebook's support for complex data and activity by +following the [Open Graph +tutorial](https://developers.facebook.com/docs/opengraph/tutorial/). + +For a reference of Open Graph's markup and properties, you may check +[Facebook's Open Graph Protocol reference](http://ogp.me/). Finally, +you can validate your markup with the [Facebook Object +Debugger](https://developers.facebook.com/tools/debug/) (needs +registration to Facebook). + +```html + + + + + + + + +``` + +### Twitter Cards + +Twitter provides a snippet specification that serves a similar purpose to Open +Graph. In fact, Twitter will use Open Graph when Cards is not available. Note +that, as of this writing, Twitter requires that app developers activate Cards +on a per-domain basis. You can read more about the various snippet formats +and application process in the [official Twitter Cards +documentation](https://dev.twitter.com/docs/cards), and you can validate +your markup with the [Card validator](https://cards-dev.twitter.com/validator) +(needs registration to Twitter). + +```html + + + + + + + +``` + +### Google+ / Schema.org + +Google also provides a snippet specification that serves a similar +purpose to Facebook's Open Graph or Twitter Cards. While it helps you +to control information displayed on Google+, this metadata is a subset +of [schema.org's microdata vocabulary](https://schema.org/), which +covers many other schemas that can describe the content of your pages +to search engines. For this reason, this metadata is more generic for +SEO, notably for Google's search-engine, although this vocabulary is +also used by Microsoft, Pinterest or Yandex. + +You can validate your markup with the [Structured Data Testing +Tool](https://developers.google.com/structured-data/testing-tool/). +Also, please note that this markup requires to add attributes to your +top `html` tag. + +```html + + + + + + + + +``` + +## URLs + +### Canonical URL + +Signal to search engines and others "Use this URL for this page!" Useful when +parameters after a `#` or `?` is used to control the display state of a page. +`https://www.example.com/cart.html?shopping-cart-open=true` can be indexed as +the cleaner, more accurate `https://www.example.com/cart.html`. + +```html + +``` + +### Official shortlink + +Signal to the world "This is the shortened URL to use this page!" Poorly +supported at this time. Learn more by reading the [article about shortlinks on +the Microformats wiki](http://microformats.org/wiki/rel-shortlink). + +```html + +``` + +### Separate mobile URLs + +If you use separate URLs for desktop and mobile users, you should consider +helping search engine algorithms better understand the configuration on your +web site. + +This can be done by adding the following annotations in your HTML pages: + +* on the desktop page, add the `link rel="alternate"` tag pointing to the + corresponding mobile URL, e.g.: + + `` + +* on the mobile page, add the `link rel="canonical"` tag pointing to the + corresponding desktop URL, e.g.: + + `` + +For more information please see: + +* https://developers.google.com/webmasters/smartphone-sites/details#separateurls +* https://developers.google.com/webmasters/smartphone-sites/feature-phones + + +## Web Apps + +There are a couple of meta tags that provide information about a web app when +added to the Home Screen on iOS: + +* Adding `apple-mobile-web-app-capable` will make your web app chrome-less and +provide the default iOS app view. You can control the color scheme of the +default view by adding `apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style`. + +```html + + +``` + +* You can use `apple-mobile-web-app-title` to add a specific sites name for the +Home Screen icon. This works since iOS 6. + +```html + +``` + +For further information please read the [official +documentation](https://developer.apple.com/library/safari/#documentation/AppleApplications/Reference/SafariHTMLRef/Articles/MetaTags.html) +on Apple's site. + + +### Apple Touch Icons + +The Apple touch icons can be seen as the favicons of iOS devices. + +The main sizes of the Apple touch icons are: + +* `57×57px` – iPhone with @1x display and iPod Touch +* `72×72px` – iPad and iPad mini with @1x display running iOS ≤ 6 +* `76×76px` – iPad and iPad mini with @1x display running iOS ≥ 7 +* `114×114px` – iPhone with @2x display running iOS ≤ 6 +* `120×120px` – iPhone with @2x and @3x display running iOS ≥ 7 +* `144×144px` – iPad and iPad mini with @2x display running iOS ≤ 6 +* `152×152px` – iPad and iPad mini with @2x display running iOS 7 +* `180×180px` – iPad and iPad mini with @2x display running iOS 8 + +Displays meaning: + +* @1x - non-Retina +* @2x - Retina +* @3x - Retina HD + +More information about the displays of iOS devices can be found +[here](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_iOS_devices#Display). + +In most cases, one `180×180px` touch icon named `icon.png` +and including: + +```html + +``` + +in the `` of the page is enough. If you use art-direction and/or +want to have different content for each device, you can add more touch +icons as written above. + +For a more comprehensive overview, please refer to Mathias' [article on Touch +Icons](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/touch-icons). + + +### Apple Touch Startup Image + +Apart from that it is possible to add start-up screens for web apps on iOS. This +basically works by defining `apple-touch-startup-image` with an according link +to the image. Since iOS devices have different screen resolutions it is +necessary to add media queries to detect which image to load. Here is an +example for a retina iPhone: + +```html + +``` + +However, it is possible to detect which start-up image to use with JavaScript. +The Mobile Boilerplate provides a useful function for this. Please see +[helpers.js](https://github.com/h5bp/mobile-boilerplate/blob/v4.1.0/js/helper.js#L336-L383) +for the implementation. + + +### Chrome Mobile web apps + +Chrome Mobile has a specific meta tag for making apps [installable to the +homescreen](https://developer.chrome.com/multidevice/android/installtohomescreen) +which tries to be a more generic replacement to Apple's proprietary meta tag: + +```html + +``` + +Same applies to the touch icons: + +```html + +``` + +### Theme Color + +You can add the [`theme-color` meta extension](https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/semantics.html#meta-theme-color) +in the `` of your pages to suggest the color that browsers and +OSes should use if they customize the display of individual pages in +their UIs with varying colors. + +```html + +``` + +The `content` attribute extension can take any valid CSS color. + +Currently, the `theme-color` meta extension is supported by [Chrome 39+ +for Android Lollipop](https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2014/11/Support-for-theme-color-in-Chrome-39-for-Android). diff --git a/css-showcase/doc/faq.md b/css-showcase/doc/faq.md new file mode 100755 index 0000000..e0bf3e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/css-showcase/doc/faq.md @@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ +[HTML5 Boilerplate homepage](https://html5boilerplate.com/) | [Documentation +table of contents](TOC.md) + +# Frequently asked questions + +* [Why is the Google Analytics code at the bottom? Google recommends it be + placed in the ``.](#why-is-the-google-analytics-code-at-the-bottom-google-recommends-it-be-placed-in-the-head) +* [How can I integrate Bootstrap with HTML5 + Boilerplate?](#how-can-i-integrate-bootstrap-with-html5-boilerplate) +* [Do I need to upgrade my site each time a new version of HTML5 Boilerplate is + released?](#do-i-need-to-upgrade-my-site-each-time-a-new-version-of-html5-boilerplate-is-released) +* [Where can I get help with support + questions?](#where-can-i-get-help-with-support-questions) + +--- + +### Why is the Google Analytics code at the bottom? Google recommends it be placed in the ``. + +The main advantage of placing it in the `` is that you will track the +user's `pageview` even if they leave the page before it has been fully loaded. + +Here's a handy quote from [Mathias Bynens](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/async-analytics-snippet#comment-50) about our placement choice. +>I should point out that it’s Google — not me — recommending to place this +script before all other scripts in the document. The only real advantage is to +catch a pageView call if your page fails to load completely (for example, if +the user aborts loading, or quickly closes the page, etc.). Personally, I +wouldn’t count that as a page view, so I actually prefer to place this script +at the bottom, after all other scripts. This keeps all the scripts together and +reinforces that scripts at the bottom are the right move. (Usually I +concatenate and minify all my scripts into one .js file — the GA snippet being +the suffix.) + +### How can I integrate [Bootstrap](https://getbootstrap.com/) with HTML5 Boilerplate? + +Here's Nicolas Gallagher writing about how [HTML5 Boilerplate and Bootstrap complement each +other](https://www.quora.com/Is-Bootstrap-a-complement-or-an-alternative-to-HTML5-Boilerplate-or-viceversa/answer/Nicolas-Gallagher). + +### Do I need to upgrade my site each time a new version of HTML5 Boilerplate is released? + +No, same as you don't normally replace the foundation of a house once it +was built. However, there is nothing stopping you from trying to work in the +latest changes, but you'll have to assess the costs/benefits of doing so. + +### Where can I get help with support questions? + +Please ask for help on +[StackOverflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/html5boilerplate). diff --git a/css-showcase/doc/html.md b/css-showcase/doc/html.md new file mode 100755 index 0000000..ae925f7 --- /dev/null +++ b/css-showcase/doc/html.md @@ -0,0 +1,250 @@ +[HTML5 Boilerplate homepage](https://html5boilerplate.com/) | [Documentation +table of contents](TOC.md) + +# The HTML + +By default, HTML5 Boilerplate provides two `html` pages: + +* [`index.html`](#indexhtml) - a default HTML skeleton that should form the + basis of all pages on your website +* [`404.html`](#404html) - a placeholder 404 error page + + +## `index.html` + + +### The `no-js` Class + +The `no-js` class is provided in order to allow you to more easily and +explicitly add custom styles based on whether JavaScript is disabled +(`.no-js`) or enabled (`.js`). Using this technique also helps [avoid the +FOUC](https://www.paulirish.com/2009/avoiding-the-fouc-v3/). + + +## Language Attribute + +Please consider specifying the language of your content by adding a [value](https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry) to the `lang` +attribute in the `` as in this example: + +```html + +``` + +### The order of the `` and `<meta>` tags + +The order in which the `<title>` and the `<meta>` tags are specified is +important because: + +1) the charset declaration (`<meta charset="utf-8">`): + + * must be included completely within the [first 1024 bytes of the + document](https://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/multipage/semantics.html#charset) + + * should be specified as early as possible (before any content that could + be controlled by an attacker, such as a `<title>` element) in order to + avoid a potential [encoding-related security + issue](https://code.google.com/p/doctype-mirror/wiki/ArticleUtf7) in + Internet Explorer + +2) the meta tag for compatibility mode + (`<meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge">`): + + * [needs to be included before all other tags except for the `<title>` and + the other `<meta>` + tags](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc288325.aspx) + + +### `x-ua-compatible` + +Internet Explorer 8/9/10 support [document compatibility +modes](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc288325.aspx) that affect the +way webpages are interpreted and displayed. Because of this, even if your site's +visitor is using, let's say, Internet Explorer 9, it's possible that IE will not +use the latest rendering engine, and instead, decide to render your page using +the Internet Explorer 5.5 rendering engine. + +Specifying the `x-ua-compatible` meta tag: + +```html +<meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge"> +``` + +or sending the page with the following HTTP response header + +``` +X-UA-Compatible: IE=edge +``` + +will force Internet Explorer 8/9/10 to render the webpage in the highest +available mode in [the various cases when it may +not](https://hsivonen.fi/doctype/#ie8), and therefore, ensure that anyone +browsing your site is treated to the best possible user experience that +browser can offer. + +If possible, we recommend that you remove the `meta` tag and send only the +HTTP response header as the `meta` tag will not always work if your site is +served on a non-standard port, as Internet Explorer's preference option +`Display intranet sites in Compatibility View` is checked by default. + +If you are using Apache as your webserver, including the +[`.htaccess`](https://github.com/h5bp/server-configs-apache) file takes care of +the HTTP header. If you are using a different server, check out our [other +server config](https://github.com/h5bp/server-configs). + +Starting with Internet Explorer 11, [document modes are +deprecated](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/bg182625.aspx#docmode). +If your business still relies on older web apps and services that were +designed for older versions of Internet Explorer, you might want to consider +enabling [Enterprise Mode](https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/ie/2014/04/02/stay-up-to-date-with-enterprise-mode-for-internet-explorer-11/) throughout your company. + + +## Meta Description + +The `description` meta tag provides a short description of the page. +In some situations this description is used as a part of the snippet +shown in the search results. + +```html +<meta name="description" content="This is a description"> +``` + + +## Mobile Viewport + +There are a few different options that you can use with the [`viewport` meta +tag](https://docs.google.com/present/view?id=dkx3qtm_22dxsrgcf4 "Viewport and +Media Queries - The Complete Idiot's Guide"). You can find out more in [the +Apple developer docs](https://developer.apple.com/library/safari/documentation/AppleApplications/Reference/SafariWebContent/UsingtheViewport/UsingtheViewport.html). +HTML5 Boilerplate comes with a simple setup that strikes a good balance for general use cases. + +```html +<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> +``` + +## Web App Manifest +HTML5 Boilerplate includes a simple web app manifest file. + +The web app manifest is a simple JSON file that allows you to control how your +app appears on a device's home screen, what it looks like when it launches +in that context and what happens when it is launched. This allows for much greater +control over the UI of a saved site or web app on a mobile device. + +It's linked to from the HTML as follows: + +```html + <link rel="manifest" href="site.webmanifest"> +``` +Our [site.webmanifest](https://github.com/h5bp/html5-boilerplate/blob/master/src/site.webmanifest) contains a very skeletal "app" definition, just to show the basic usage. +You should fill this file out with [more information about your site or application](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Manifest) + +## Favicons and Touch Icon + +The shortcut icons should be put in the root directory of your site. `favicon.ico` +is automatically picked up by browsers if it's placed in the root. HTML5 +Boilerplate comes with a default set of icons (include favicon and one Apple +Touch Icon) that you can use as a baseline to create your own. + +Please refer to the more detailed description in the [Extend section](extend.md) +of these docs. + +## The Content Area + +The central part of the boilerplate template is pretty much empty. This is +intentional, in order to make the boilerplate suitable for both web page and +web app development. + +### Browser Upgrade Prompt + +The main content area of the boilerplate includes a prompt to install an up to +date browser for users of IE 8 and lower. If you intended to support IE 8, then you +should remove the snippet of code. + +## Modernizr + +HTML5 Boilerplate uses a custom build of Modernizr. + +[Modernizr](https://modernizr.com/) is a JavaScript library which adds classes to +the `html` element based on the results of feature test and which ensures that +all browsers can make use of HTML5 elements (as it includes the HTML5 Shiv). +This allows you to target parts of your CSS and JavaScript based on the +features supported by a browser. + +Starting with version 3 Modernizr can be customized using the [modernizr-config.json](https://github.com/h5bp/html5-boilerplate/blob/master/modernizr-config.json) and the +[Modernizr command line utility](https://www.npmjs.com/package/modernizr-cli). + +## What About Polyfills? + +If you need to include [polyfills](https://remysharp.com/2010/10/08/what-is-a-polyfill) +in your project, you must make sure those load before any other JavaScript. If you're +using some polyfill CDN service, like [cdn.polyfill.io](https://cdn.polyfill.io/), +just put it before the other scripts in the bottom of the page: + +```html + <script src="js/vendor/modernizr-3.6.0.min.js"></script> + <script src="https://cdn.polyfill.io/v2/polyfill.min.js"></script> + <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.3.1.min.js" integrity="sha256-FgpCb/KJQlLNfOu91ta32o/NMZxltwRo8QtmkMRdAu8=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> + <script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="js/vendor/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"><\/script>')</script> + <script src="js/plugins.js"></script> + <script src="js/main.js"></script> +</body> +``` + +If you like to just include the polyfills yourself, you could include them in +`js/plugins.js`. When you have a bunch of polyfills to load in, you could +also create a `polyfills.js` file in the `js/vendor` directory or include the files +individually and combine them using a build tool. Always ensure that the polyfills +are all loaded before any other JavaScript. + +There are some misconceptions about Modernizr and polyfills. It's important +to understand that Modernizr just handles feature checking, not polyfilling +itself. The only thing Modernizr does regarding polyfills is that the team +maintains [a huge list of cross Browser polyfills](https://github.com/Modernizr/Modernizr/wiki/HTML5-Cross-Browser-Polyfills). + +### jQuery CDN for jQuery + +The jQuery CDN version of the jQuery JavaScript library is referenced towards +the bottom of the page. A local fallback of jQuery is included for rare instances +when the CDN version might not be available, and to facilitate offline +development. + +The jQuery CDN version was chosen over other potential candidates +([like Google's Hosted Libraries](https://developers.google.com/speed/libraries/)) +because it's fast ([comparable or faster than Google by some +measures](https://www.cdnperf.com/#jsdelivr,cdnjs,google,yandex,microsoft,jquery,bootstrapcdn/https/90)) +and, (unlike Google's CDN) is available to China's hundreds of millions of internet users. +For many years we [chose](https://github.com/h5bp/html5-boilerplate/issues/1191) +the Google Hosted version over the jQuery CDN because it was available +over HTTPS (the jQuery CDN was not,) and it offered a better chance of +hitting the cache lottery owing to the popularity of the Google CDN. +The first issue is no longer valid and the second is far outweighed by +being able to serve jQuery to Chinese users. + +While the jQuery CDN is a strong default solution your site or application may +require a different configuration. Testing your site with services like +[WebPageTest](https://www.webpagetest.org/) and browser tools like +[PageSpeed Insights](https://developers.google.com/speed/pagespeed/insights/) will help you examine the real +world performance of your site and can show where you can optimize your specific +site or application. + +### Google Universal Analytics Tracking Code + +Finally, an optimized version of the Google Universal Analytics tracking code is +included. Google recommends that this script be placed at the top of the page. +Factors to consider: if you place this script at the top of the page, you’ll +be able to count users who don’t fully load the page, and you’ll incur the max +number of simultaneous connections of the browser. + +Further information: + +* [Optimizing the Google Universal Analytics + Snippet](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/async-analytics-snippet#universal-analytics) +* [Introduction to + Analytics.js](https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/) +* [Google Analytics Demos & Tools](https://ga-dev-tools.appspot.com/) + +**N.B.** The Google Universal Analytics snippet is included by default mainly +because Google Analytics is [currently one of the most popular tracking +solutions](https://trends.builtwith.com/analytics/Google-Analytics) out there. +However, its usage isn't set in stone, and you SHOULD consider exploring the +[alternatives](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_web_analytics_software) +and use whatever suits your needs best! diff --git a/css-showcase/doc/js.md b/css-showcase/doc/js.md new file mode 100755 index 0000000..61f8461 --- /dev/null +++ b/css-showcase/doc/js.md @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +[HTML5 Boilerplate homepage](https://html5boilerplate.com/) | [Documentation +table of contents](TOC.md) + +# The JavaScript + +Information about the default JavaScript included in the project. + +## main.js + +This file can be used to contain or reference your site/app JavaScript code. +If you're working on something more advanced you might replace this file +entirely. That's cool. + +## plugins.js + +This file can be used to contain all your plugins, such as jQuery plugins and +other 3rd party scripts for a simple site. + +One approach is to put jQuery plugins inside of a `(function($){ ... +})(jQuery);` closure to make sure they're in the jQuery namespace safety +blanket. Read more about [jQuery plugin +authoring](https://learn.jquery.com/plugins/#Getting_Started). + +By default the `plugins.js` file contains a small script to avoid `console` +errors in browsers that lack a `console`. The script will make sure that, if +a console method isn't available, that method will have the value of empty +function, thus, preventing the browser from throwing an error. + +## vendor + +This directory can be used to contain all 3rd party library code. + +Minified versions of the latest jQuery and Modernizr libraries are included by +default. You may wish to create your own [custom Modernizr +build with the online builder](https://www.modernizr.com/download/) or [command +line tool](https://modernizr.com/docs#command-line-config). diff --git a/css-showcase/doc/misc.md b/css-showcase/doc/misc.md new file mode 100755 index 0000000..be8de82 --- /dev/null +++ b/css-showcase/doc/misc.md @@ -0,0 +1,173 @@ +[HTML5 Boilerplate homepage](https://html5boilerplate.com/) | [Documentation +table of contents](TOC.md) + +# Miscellaneous + +* [.gitignore](#gitignore) +* [.editorconfig](#editorconfig) +* [Server Configuration](#server-configuration) +* [robots.txt](#robotstxt) +* [humans.txt](#humanstxt) +* [browserconfig.xml](#browserconfigxml) + +-- + +## .gitignore + +HTML5 Boilerplate includes a basic project-level `.gitignore`. This should +primarily be used to avoid certain project-level files and directories from +being kept under source control. Different development-environments will +benefit from different collections of ignores. + +OS-specific and editor-specific files should be ignored using a "global +ignore" that applies to all repositories on your system. + +For example, add the following to your `~/.gitconfig`, where the `.gitignore` +in your HOME directory contains the files and directories you'd like to +globally ignore: + +```gitignore +[core] + excludesfile = ~/.gitignore +``` + +* More on global ignores: https://help.github.com/articles/ignoring-files/ +* Comprehensive set of ignores on GitHub: https://github.com/github/gitignore + + +## .editorconfig + +The `.editorconfig` file is provided in order to encourage and help you and +your team define and maintain consistent coding styles between different +editors and IDEs. + +By default, `.editorconfig` includes some basic +[properties](http://editorconfig.org/#supported-properties) that reflect the +coding styles from the files provided by default, but you can easily change +them to better suit your needs. + +In order for your editor/IDE to apply the +[properties](http://editorconfig.org/#supported-properties) from the +`.editorconfig` file, you may need to [install a +plugin]( http://editorconfig.org/#download). + +__N.B.__ If you aren't using the server configurations provided by HTML5 +Boilerplate, we highly encourage you to configure your server to block +access to `.editorconfig` files, as they can disclose sensitive information! + +For more details, please refer to the [EditorConfig +project](http://editorconfig.org/). + + +## Server Configuration + +H5BP includes a [`.htaccess`](#htaccess) file for the [Apache HTTP +server](https://httpd.apache.org/docs/). If you are not using Apache +as your web server, then you are encouraged to download a +[server configuration](https://github.com/h5bp/server-configs) that +corresponds to your web server and environment. + +A `.htaccess` (hypertext access) file is an [Apache HTTP server +configuration file](https://github.com/h5bp/server-configs-apache). +The `.htaccess` file is mostly used for: + +* Rewriting URLs +* Controlling cache +* Authentication +* Server-side includes +* Redirects +* Gzipping + +If you have access to the main server configuration file (usually called +`httpd.conf`), you should add the logic from the `.htaccess` file in, for +example, a <Directory> section in the main configuration file. This is usually +the recommended way, as using .htaccess files slows down Apache! + +To enable Apache modules locally, please see: +https://github.com/h5bp/server-configs-apache/wiki/How-to-enable-Apache-modules. + +In the repo the `.htaccess` is used for: + +* Allowing cross-origin access to web fonts +* CORS header for images when browsers request it +* Enable `404.html` as 404 error document +* Making the website experience better for IE users better +* Media UTF-8 as character encoding for `text/html` and `text/plain` +* Enabling the rewrite URLs engine +* Forcing or removing the `www.` at the begin of a URL +* It blocks access to directories without a default document +* It blocks access to files that can expose sensitive information. +* It reduces MIME type security risks +* It forces compressing (gzipping) +* It tells the browser whether they should request a specific file from the + server or whether they should grab it from the browser's cache + +When using `.htaccess` we recommend reading all inline comments (the rules after +a `#`) in the file once. There is a bunch of optional stuff in it. + +If you want to know more about the `.htaccess` file check out the +[Apache HTTP server docs](https://httpd.apache.org/docs/) or more +specifically the [htaccess +section](https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/howto/htaccess.html). + +Notice that the original repo for the `.htaccess` file is [this +one](https://github.com/h5bp/server-configs-apache). + + +## robots.txt + +The `robots.txt` file is used to give instructions to web robots on what can +be crawled from the website. + +By default, the file provided by this project includes the next two lines: + + * `User-agent: *` - the following rules apply to all web robots + * `Disallow:` - everything on the website is allowed to be crawled + +If you want to disallow certain pages you will need to specify the path in a +`Disallow` directive (e.g.: `Disallow: /path`) or, if you want to disallow +crawling of all content, use `Disallow: /`. + +The `/robots.txt` file is not intended for access control, so don't try to +use it as such. Think of it as a "No Entry" sign, rather than a locked door. +URLs disallowed by the `robots.txt` file might still be indexed without being +crawled, and the content from within the `robots.txt` file can be viewed by +anyone, potentially disclosing the location of your private content! So, if +you want to block access to private content, use proper authentication instead. + +For more information about `robots.txt`, please see: + + * [robotstxt.org](http://www.robotstxt.org/) + * [How Google handles the `robots.txt` file](https://developers.google.com/webmasters/control-crawl-index/docs/robots_txt) + +## humans.txt + +The `humans.txt` file is used to provide information about people involved with +the website. + +The provided file contains three sections: + + * `TEAM` - this is intented to list the group of people responsible for the website + * `THANKS` - this is intended to list the group of people that have contributed + to the webste + * `TECHNOLOGY COLOPHON` - the section lists technologies used to make the website + +For more information about `humans.txt`, please see: http://humanstxt.org/ + + +## browserconfig.xml + +The `browserconfig.xml` file is used to customize the tile displayed when users +pin your site to the Windows 8.1 start screen. In there you can define custom +tile colors, custom images or even [live tiles](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/dn455106.aspx#CreatingLiveTiles). + +By default, the file points to 2 placeholder tile images: + +* `tile.png` (558x558px): used for `Small`, `Medium` and `Large` tiles. + This image resizes automatically when necessary. +* `tile-wide.png` (558x270px): user for `Wide` tiles. + +Notice that IE11 uses the same images when adding a site to the `favorites`. + +For more in-depth information about the `browserconfig.xml` file, please +see [MSDN](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/dn320426.aspx). diff --git a/css-showcase/doc/usage.md b/css-showcase/doc/usage.md new file mode 100755 index 0000000..ca7f85e --- /dev/null +++ b/css-showcase/doc/usage.md @@ -0,0 +1,130 @@ +[HTML5 Boilerplate homepage](https://html5boilerplate.com/) | [Documentation +table of contents](TOC.md) + +# Usage + +The most basic usage of HTML5 Boilerplate is to create a static site or simple +app. Once you've downloaded or cloned the project, that process looks something +like this: + +1. Set up the basic structure of the site. +2. Add some content, style, and functionality. +3. Run your site locally to see how it looks. +4. Deploy your site. + +Cool, right? _It is_. That said, the smart defaults, baseline elements, default +attribute values and various other utilities that HTML5 Boilerplate offers can +serve as the foundation for whatever you're interested in building. + +Even the basic use-case of a simple static site can be enhanced by manipulating +the code through an automated build process. Moving up in complexity HTML5 +Boilerplate can be integrated with whatever front-end framework, CMS or +e-commerce platform you're working with. Mix-and-match to your heart's content. +Use what you need (toss it in a blender if you need to) and discard the rest. +HTML5 Boilerplate is a starting point, not a destination. + +## Basic structure + +A basic HTML5 Boilerplate site initially looks something like this: + +``` +. +├── css +│ ├── main.css +│ └── normalize.css +├── doc +├── img +├── js +│ ├── main.js +│ ├── plugins.js +│ └── vendor +│ ├── jquery.min.js +│ └── modernizr.min.js +├── .editorconfig +├── .htaccess +├── 404.html +├── browserconfig.xml +├── favicon.ico +├── humans.txt +├── icon.png +├── index.html +├── robots.txt +├── site.webmanifest +├── tile.png +└── tile-wide.png +``` + +What follows is a general overview of each major part and how to use them. + +### css + +This directory should contain all your project's CSS files. It includes some +initial CSS to help get you started from a solid foundation. [About the +CSS](css.md). + +### doc + +This directory contains all the HTML5 Boilerplate documentation. You can use it +as the location and basis for your own project's documentation. + +### js + +This directory should contain all your project's JS files. Libraries, plugins, +and custom code can all be included here. It includes some initial JS to help +get you started. [About the JavaScript](js.md). + +### .htaccess + +The default web server configs are for Apache. For more information, please +refer to the [Apache Server Configs +repository](https://github.com/h5bp/server-configs-apache). + +Host your site on a server other than Apache? You're likely to find the +corresponding server configs project listed in our [Server Configs +](https://github.com/h5bp/server-configs/blob/master/README.md) repository. + +### 404.html + +A helpful custom 404 to get you started. + +### browserconfig.xml + +This file contains all settings regarding custom tiles for IE11 and Edge. + +For more info on this topic, please refer to +[MSDN](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/dn455106.aspx). + +### .editorconfig + +The `.editorconfig` file is provided in order to encourage and help you and +your team to maintain consistent coding styles between different +editors and IDEs. [Read more about the `.editorconfig` file](misc.md#editorconfig). + +### index.html + +This is the default HTML skeleton that should form the basis of all pages on +your site. If you are using a server-side templating framework, then you will +need to integrate this starting HTML with your setup. + +Make sure that you update the URLs for the referenced CSS and JavaScript if you +modify the directory structure at all. + +If you are using Google Universal Analytics, make sure that you edit the +corresponding snippet at the bottom to include your analytics ID. + +### humans.txt + +Edit this file to include the team that worked on your site/app, and the +technology powering it. + +### robots.txt + +Edit this file to include any pages you need hidden from search engines. + +### Icons + +Replace the default `favicon.ico`, `tile.png`, `tile-wide.png` and Apple +Touch Icon with your own. + +If you want to use different Apple Touch Icons for different resolutions please +refer to the [according documentation](extend.md#apple-touch-icons). diff --git a/css-showcase/favicon.ico b/css-showcase/favicon.ico new file mode 100755 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..be74abd69ad6a32de7375df13cab9354798e328f GIT binary patch literal 766 zcmc(dze~eV5XUd2fg&jH87YDYDQKxq1{4b-_ydP-wqS9vgGh17QXQQAwOE{VaBvi* zmu^z9t({y-&1ey<?*19x`_a%0;^>8Y_x;?x+`BviV9;aRjMgZ8M*!jgkRrFqSI9;F zHyfX@Az|AvVmn~YWWZP`0&JWEY~BFm?*Vq}VD7&_%x%MP$p`D`4JMC!K|B7pt?Mmp zUJAB7rxMXS6=!P+AtLU9V)J#61WPxwipRXCHO{BJ`l{m53#=t97a!znv~vfmr|AaP zRGIT7#0FyJy3Z*hL{GQp-0TRhX8UzZ)+>%?mK0^goaX4Q;x<h|7I8a@t8#9Z`A~@1 zIx{#+`h7(7bA0+s7#-k=_?cTQZjqG{+al%<xj`*i0llsi@&x*V=JS=7GQ@hVV0w`- td#$W2=*99o&LFePcYQf3%L?7WGUv;WVIDdObG#I0%L#Kp!H@7y;s@Y5ipBr{ literal 0 HcmV?d00001 diff --git a/css-showcase/humans.txt b/css-showcase/humans.txt new file mode 100755 index 0000000..8d2330f --- /dev/null +++ b/css-showcase/humans.txt @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +# humanstxt.org/ +# The humans responsible & technology colophon + +# TEAM + + <name> -- <role> -- <twitter> + +# THANKS + + <name> + +# TECHNOLOGY COLOPHON + + CSS3, HTML5 + Apache Server Configs, jQuery, Modernizr, Normalize.css diff --git a/css-showcase/icon.png b/css-showcase/icon.png new file mode 100755 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8a42581d4a2a2a28bee1888835d21ffe4d6378d0 GIT binary patch literal 4029 zcma)9c{CJU+-8i7DZ7xZ8I2`GWQk%1lRYM~MW$%%yP>koG_P!lF_<icv1Q8=Le@&i z&e#>+$k;;moo~MP{oen-d(OT0oZo$ZzjM$1-E*GjiAI^|v4I7_3=9lx2Kq=d`u^#E zCkQ}aCz}pY3=AC44Uk%QpD?bZhX)E73`U%~7cQl85yvVXk(g;IUxeEq-gAn`O#OGr z&lO(^T_yYT*6U?-xaqF>yQNy04owaZTcEWi85lr72<I~d1Ar04tH}TaaDosJhW{eK z{{jSte<5@%!#@bZKPTl6Y=Dq>tIo@UX7J#rUIBw~lJs={CYso;p)qnluna#RzIviF z@XZ9aXw3jLGsYiRA9QXSBQ0g8nvapf3GwJckKb+73+ey{f{A?pDZc1rRRp8J`eE{{ z12JxDMe;-X+2{~b8vxQ@V~^p|pRo&j-hK3?0HH28U;1{w2ngwys?NrTti=FA`$T!T zWQv0~2?Ezt()hh=Kb*P7^9=EYtP-u>vPa~wP}kMQgxcDviA`8}&)>U$C)P<Av=ypq zGc>UNAT?UbMk-poy=~^hjqHKnI3X=cZp-P;XD9*pla$REW99w&It*Gp-~k}4%869y z&75l9QBIC77(y%a7F0CpRI&mOI)cS|2G^(9c}R(dLg1mseUuF!Fip+R_aKwl4%%uj zlX2n}oG-heo>Vvj?eAXyA{Zm*=ok=ZaL!#;5M1SRAVx>y)(5UJAJiEcBVWyKd1<I{ z=~oO_2AqNkH0oA!W`Q#+tngO5SXNzV?;j(5uZPh7bL%5~F;aTZVFJt_>#y?aD-LnG zMC`33$8jx0dMU7WPc|M#u(wXi0@GOU?K}P^?X3|lR7|v=Vg^wZDpj2x*3|TGKydpR zU&=<7K9K64`B2||j*v}!6l4rM7?yl-rb=#F2`gn$il9VYQWGV$TuoDx$aZ)<j-u?F z=R;9jU70=139WHax!3P0YUqv%9uku<I+Unn`0KM<{NB>EpYE|T5oqmIZ63g_SCfJl zigFx_JCR8xHRqU%GC!Uph;`N2Vafm<Xl-O?HRh>e<A^>Ciuy_~JBx;+d|yA`?-``$ zhxc*=UqF&=VcN!=!6Mvdc`vdMB}S@H6mb6}R5=v^$0bKcrSg|eD>sgOqy1k2yyl%& zUe>(103E_Fj1uq#@8g4s41<|rHi>NOHhSwSA7`dOQP{oc`Xw0Pc*N+%8U68yES-U; zZD2x$?}_*Qlbf#CvoPL?P#r>%tuqvbd{Uvle~>rZ)hFUM?dw5rky$kpLCpTdLll3^ zXZr$pIZO43yL03_r_{_`U&f3_di1vvm2=Dq5u%(@TMZvOn#L}zr;nyajZs%_#BoTb z{)KobkGI6J!cuc{b+j>#?I?=FV`jjuhNE%wA1jIRvPo>r3A$G~rM`w>C!7g58si{? 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+

Hello darkness, my old friend.

+ +
+ + + +
+ + + +

Dark Mode: The Latest Tech Trend

+

What is it?

+

Dark mode is a light-on-dark color scheme that uses light colored text, icons, images, and other interface elements that appear on a dark background. Dark mode is an inverted version of the normal interface, which is usually dark elements on light background.

+ +

Why do we use it?

+

A 2018 study on digital eye strain, or computer vision syndrome, published by the British Medical Journal, shows that this condition can worsen with extended blinking intervals while looking at a screen, whether it be on a phone, tablet, or computer. Dark mode can relieve this effect because it lessens eye strain.

+ +

The lighter side of Dark Mode

+

Light draws more energy as the screen becomes brighter. Dark mode can extend your battery life because it uses less energy and can improve the time you spend looking at your screen. DES, also known as computer vision syndrom, is prevelant in 50% or more computer users. Dark mode also reflects less blue light, of which can also lead to eye strain.

+ + +

Design in Dark Mode

+

Light text or elements on a dark background appear higher in contrast than the inverted colors, therefore dark mode requires thinner fonts and more white and dark space on text.

+

How to code in Dark Mode

+

High contrast can be painful to look at. Do not use high contrast colors such as complete black and white. Instead, use a dark grey background. In addition to this, desaturate lighter tones to increase readability. 15.8:1 contrast level is ideal. Pure white colors, for example #FFFFFF will "vibrate" on darker surface colors.

+
  • + High emphasis text should have an opacity of 87% + Medium empahsis text has a 60% applied to it + Disabled text should use an oacity of 38% +

    Following this rule will communicate a hierarchy of elements that is easier to read. Media queries can allow users to toggle back and fourth between light and dark mode, however for this project we will only focus on Dark Mode.

    +

    The media queries work as followed...

    +
  • + no-preference - User has made no preference known to the system. + light - Indicates that system is notified that the interface has a light theme. @media (prefers-color-scheme: light) + dark - Indicates that system is notified that the user prefers an interface with a dark theme. @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) + + + +
    • + +
    + + + +
    + +
    + + + + + +
    +

    CSS Showcase in Dark Mode by Natalie Brassinga

    +
    + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/css-showcase/js/main.js b/css-showcase/js/main.js new file mode 100755 index 0000000..e69de29 diff --git a/css-showcase/js/plugins.js b/css-showcase/js/plugins.js new file mode 100755 index 0000000..feb7d19 --- /dev/null +++ b/css-showcase/js/plugins.js @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +// Avoid `console` errors in browsers that lack a console. +(function() { + var method; + var noop = function () {}; + var methods = [ + 'assert', 'clear', 'count', 'debug', 'dir', 'dirxml', 'error', + 'exception', 'group', 'groupCollapsed', 'groupEnd', 'info', 'log', + 'markTimeline', 'profile', 'profileEnd', 'table', 'time', 'timeEnd', + 'timeline', 'timelineEnd', 'timeStamp', 'trace', 'warn' + ]; + var length = methods.length; + var console = (window.console = window.console || {}); + + while (length--) { + method = methods[length]; + + // Only stub undefined methods. + if (!console[method]) { + console[method] = noop; + } + } +}()); + +// Place 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